PENGARUH FAKTOR IKLIM DAN KEPADATAN JENTIK AE.AEGYPTI TERHADAP KEJADIAN DBD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26630/jk.v5i1.58Abstract
Prayudhy Yushananta1)
Mei Ahyanti1)
1) Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjungkarang
e-mail:prayudhyyushananta@gmail.com
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Abstract: The effect of climate factors and density of larvae Ae.aegypti for DHF incidence. Pringsewu district incidence of DHF in 2011 is 30.83/100,000 population, and 2012 increased to 119.16/100,000 population or 381.92% greater than the national average. One of the factors that lead to high incidence of DHF is climate change.This study to determine the effect of climate factors and density of larvae Ae.aegypti for DHF incidence at district Pringsewu. Data analyzed were January 2011-December 2012 from the Health Office of Pringsewu and Meteorology and Geophysics Agency of Lampung Province. The variables studied are rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind speed, density and the incidence of dengue larvae Ae.aegypti. The analysis techniques using path analysis ( path analysis ).The results of the study found that the climatic factors that affect the density of larvae Ae.aegypti are rainfall, amounting to 0.456 (p = 0.025). So that each increase of 1 mm rainfall will increase the density of larvae Ae.aegypti (House Index) of 0.456 %. Total rainfall amount of influence on the incidence of dengue through mosquito larvae density of 0.210 Ae.aegypti. While the influence of external factors on the incidence of DHF is not examined in this study was 0.825. Environmental management by modification and manipulation of the environment is the only one of the most effective efforts to reduce of larvae density and the incidence of DHF. So that public health education activities became subject to create behavioral activity against mosquito bite prevention, the behavior of the control larvae, and health seeking behavior in DHF after infection.
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Keywords : DHF, climate change, larvae Ae.aegypti
Abstrak : Pengaruh faktor iklim dan kepadatan jentik ae.aegypti terhadap kejadian DBD. Kabupaten Pringsewu,pada tahun 2011 terdapat 141 kasus (IR=30,83/100.000 penduduk dan tahun 2012 meningkat menjadi 501 kasus (IR=119,16/100.000 penduduk) atau 381,92% lebih besar dibandingkan angka nasional. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan tingginya angka kejadian DBD adalah perubahan iklim. Penelitian merupakan Studi Korelasi dengan tujuan mengetahui pengaruh faktor iklim dan kepadatan jentik Ae.aegypti terhadap kejadian DBD di Kabupaten Pringsewu. Data yang dianalisis adalah data bulan Januari 2011 - Desember 2012 dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Pringsewu dan Badan Meteorologi dan Geofisika Provinsi Lampung. Variabel yang diteliti adalah curah hujan, suhu, kelembaban, kecepatan angin, kepadatan jentik Ae.aegypti dan kejadian DBD. Sedangkan teknik analisis menggunakan path analysis (analisis jalur). Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa faktor iklim yang berpengaruh terhadap kepadatan jentik Ae.aegypti adalah curah hujan, yaitu sebesar 0,456 (p=0,025). Sehingga setiap kenaikan curah hujan sebesar 1 mm, akan meningkatkan angka kepadatan jentik Ae.aegypti (House Index) sebesar 0,456%. Pengaruh total curah hujan terhadap kejadian DBD melalui kepadatan jentik Ae.aegypti sebesar 0,210. Sedangkan pengaruh faktor luar terhadap kejadian DBD yang tidak dikaji pada penelitian ini sebesar 0,825.Melakukan pengelolaan lingkungan dengan cara modifikasi dan manipulasi lingkungan merupakan satu-satunya upaya yang paling efektif untuk menurunkan angka kepadatan jentik Ae.aegypti dan kejadian penyakit DBD. Sehingga kegiatan pendidikan kesehatan masyarakat menjadi kegiatan pokok untuk menciptakan perilaku terhadap pencegahan gigitan nyamuk Ae.aegypti, perilaku terhadap pengendalian jentik Ae.aegypti, dan perilaku dalam mencari pertolongan kesehatan setelah terinfeksi penyakit DBD.
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Kata Kunci : DBD, Perubahan Iklim, Jentik Ae.aegypti
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