Penggunaan Flashcard Game dalam Penerapan Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) Pada Pasien Skizofrenia dengan Masalah Harga Diri Rendah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26630/jk.v12i2.2503Keywords:
Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Flashcard, Low esteem therapy.Abstract
Low self-esteem is one of the negative symptoms experienced by schizophrenia patients. A person evaluates himself as low, not good, always fails, is useless to become a burden and stressor for others in an extended period without any support or support system from the environment, raises the risk of suicide. This situation is a serious concern for all parties, especially health workers to be able to provide comprehensive and effective mental nursing care management, namely Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT). This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of CBT with flashcards on changes in signs and symptoms of low self-esteem in schizophrenic patients. Group therapy based on Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) with flashcard media is one of the development and innovation models of psychotherapy that has an impact on increasing self-esteem in schizophrenia patients because the flashcard method makes it easier for patients to find positive thoughts in the form of communicative and interactive games so that patients feel their self-esteem increases and can behave adaptively. The research design was used a quasi-experimental pre-posttest with a control group. A sample of 50 people includes 25 people in the intervention group and 25 people in the control group. The results were showed that the reduction in signs and symptoms of low self-esteem in schizophrenic patients was greater in the intervention group than in the control group (p-value≤0,05). CBT therapy with flashcards was effective in reducing low self-esteem by 65,6%. CBT therapy with flashcards is recommended as an effective, efficient, and easy therapy for health workers and families to increase self-esteem for clients.
References
Arikunto S. (2014). Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktik. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Bademli, K., & Duman, Z. Ç. (2014). Effects of a family-to-family support program on the mental health and coping strategies of caregivers of adults with mental illness: a randomized controlled study. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 28(6), 392-398.
Corrigan PW.(2012).Principles and Preactice of Psychiatric Rehabilition An Empirical Approach. New York: The Guildford Press.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2018). Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian Pengembangan Kesehatan.
Dopke, C. A., & Batscha, C. L. (2014). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for individuals with schizophrenia: A recovery approach. American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, 17(1), 44-71.
Fauziah, A. (2009). Pengaruh Terapi Kognitif Perilaku pada Klien Skizofrenia dengan Perilaku Kekerasan di RS Marzoeki Mahdi Bogor. [Tesis]. Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan, Universitas Indonesia.
Froggatt, W. (2005). A brief Introduction to Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy. Journal of Rational Emotive Behavioural Therapy, 16(2): 167-176.
Granholm E, et al. (2005). Group Cognitive Behavioural Social Skill Training For Older Outpatients with Chronic Schizophrenia. Journal Of Cognitive Psychoterapy: International Quarterily, 18(3):265-279.
Gold K, Duffy M, Hackmann D. (2015). Community Based Cognitive Therapy in Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Journal of Behavior Research Therapy, 40(1): 345-357.
Hastuti, R. Y., Keliat, B. A., & Mustikasari, M. (2015). Efektivitas Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy Berdasarkan Profile Multimodal Therapy pada Klien Skizofrenia dengan Masalah Keperawatan Perilaku Kekerasan dan Halusinasi di Rumah Sakit Jiwa. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 18(3), 143-148.
Hidayat, A. (2011). Pengaruh Cogntive Behavioural Therapy dan Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy pada Perilaku Kekerasan dan Harga Diri Rendah. [Tesis]. Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan, Universitas Indonesia.
Jumaini, Hamid AY, Wardani IY. (2011). Penerapan Terapi Kognitif Pada Klien Harga Diri Rendah Kronis Dengan Teori King. Laporan Akhir Praktek Lapangan. Tidak dipublikasikan.
Laporan PKL. (2017). Data Rekam Medis RS Ernaldi Bahar Sumatra Selatan Tahun 2017. Tidak dipublikasikan.
Lelono, SK. (2011). Efektivitas Cognitive Behaviour Therapy dan Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy Terhadap Klien Perilaku kekerasan, Halusinasi dan Harga Diri Rendah. [Tesis]. Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan, Universitas Indonesia.
Maryatun, S. (2018). Pengaruh Cognitive Behaviour Therapy terhadap Perubahan Harga Diri Pasien Perilaku Kekerasan dengan Aplikasi Token Economy. Proceeding Seminar Nasional Keperawatan. Universitas Sriwijaya, 4(1):193-198.
Nurwidayati, A. (2015). Peningkatan Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini melalui Permainan Flashcard di Pos PAUD. Jember.
Prakosa, P. W. (2005). Dimensi Sosial Disabilitas Mental di Komunitas Semin, Yogyakarta. Sebuah Pendekatan Representasi Sosial. Jurnal Psikologi, 32(2), 61-73.
Riechet. (2009). CBT for post traumatic stress disorder. The Journal of Social Psychology. New York: The Guilford Press, Vol. 141(1): 119-121.
Sasmita, H, B.A. Keliat. (2007). Efektifitas Conitive Behaviour Therapy Pada Klien Harga Diri Rendah di RS Marzoeki Mahdi Bogor. [Tesis]. Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan, Universitas Indonesia.
Stuart & Laraia. (2012). Mental Health Nursing. New York: The Guildford Press.
Stolzer, J. (2016). The Meteoric Rise of Mental Illness in America and Implications for Other Countries. The European Journal of Counseling Psychology, 4(2):231-246.
Susilana, R, Riyana C. (2009). Media Pembelajaran: Hakikat, Pengembangan, Pemanfaatan dan Penilaian. Bandung: CV Wacana Prima.
Syamsulhadi. (2018). Profil Riskesdas 2013 & 2018. Terapi Psikososial Pasien Skizofrenia. Bali. National Conference on Schizophrenia.
Talakar, M, Haghayegh SA, Mirzain B. (2016). The Effect of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy on Anger. Iran J Psychiatriy Behav Sci, 10(4): e1250.
Turkington, D., Kingdon, D., & Weiden, P. J. (2006). Cognitive behavior therapy for schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163(3), 365-373.
World Health Organization. (2011). The World Medicine Situation. Rational Use of Medicine GENEVA.
World Health Organization. (2009). World Health Statistics. Geneva.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
