KOMBINASI EKSTRAK DAUN TAPAK DARA (Catharanthus roseus) DAN DAUN SIRSAK (Annona muricata) SEBAGAI BIO-LARVASIDA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26630/rj.v16i3.3611Keywords:
Sirsak, tapak dara, larvasida, flavonoid, mortalitasAbstract
Saat ini, pengendalian penyakit DBD masih mengutamakan cara kimia. Selain resistensi, pestisida kimia berdampak negatif terhadap kesehatan manusia, serangga non-target, dan lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan mengembangkan larvasida dari ekstrak daun tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus) dan daun sirsak (Annona muricata). Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial, dengan dua kali ulangan. Ekstraksi ekstrak daun tapak dara (DTD) dan daun sirsak (DS) dilakukan dengan maserasi menggunakan pelarut ethanol, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis kandungan flavonoid. Total 1.000 ekor larva Aedes aegypti instar-III digunakan selama percobaan, untuk menilai pengaruh formula (5 level), dosis (5 level), dan waktu paparan selama 48 jam. Keseluruhan data (total 250 data) dianalisis dengan Two-way ANOVA pada alpha=5%. Penelitian mendapatkan kandungan flavonoid tertinggi pada ekstrak DS (11,85 Mg QE/g eks). Analisis statistik menunjukkan ketiga variabel penelitian berpengaruh signifikan terhadap mortalitas larva Ae. aegypti (p-value<0,01), dengan pola bubungan positif. Mortalitas tertinggi pada F-5 (maks=27,5%), D-5 (maks=27,5%), dan waktu paparan pada T4 dan T-5 (maks=25%). Secara keseluruhan, penggunaan ekstrak DS dosis 2,5%, dan paparan selama 42 jam dapat memberikan efek terbesar terhadap mortalitas larva Ae. aegypti. Penelitian telah membuktikan bahwa ekstrak DS mampu memberikan efek mortalitas yang baik sebagai biolarvasida. Di sisi lain, kombinasi bahan mampu meningkatkan kinerja ekstrak DTD terhadap mortalitas Ae. aegypti.References
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