Accuracy Patient Management in the Emergency Room: Social Cognitive Theory Insights
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26630/jk.v16i3.5400Keywords:
Emergency department, Healthcare accuracy, Nursing behaviorAbstract
Emergency healthcare services play a crucial role in patient survival, particularly in emergency departments (ED) where timely and accurate decision-making is vital. This study aims to analyze the personal, behavioral, and environmental factors that influence the accuracy of patient management in emergency departments, using the Social Cognitive Theory framework. An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted among 107 emergency nurses from all hospitals in Toraja, selected using total sampling. Independent variables included personal, behavioral, and environmental aspects, while the dependent variable was patient management accuracy. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire and analyzed through univariate, bivariate, and multivariate linear regression using statistical application. The study was approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee (Approval No: 0723419/EC/KEPK/I/05/2025). Results indicated an R-squared value of 0.502, suggesting that 50.2% of the variance in patient management accuracy could be explained by the three independent variables. Multivariate analysis revealed that the behavioral factor had the most significant influence (p=0.000; B=0.567). Behavioral factors play the most significant role in determining the accuracy of patient management in emergency departments, followed by environmental and personal factors. Strengthening clinical skills, teamwork, and adherence to protocols is essential to improving emergency care outcomes. Hospitals should prioritize continuous training, competency-based evaluations, and supportive work environments to enhance behavioral performance among emergency nurses. Future research is recommended to employ longitudinal designs to understand causal pathways better and to include broader healthcare roles beyond nursing.
References
Allobaney, N. F., et al. (2022). Professional self-concept and self-confidence for nurses dealing with COVID-19 patients. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 12(2), 134. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12020134
Babaei, S., Taleghani, F., & Farzi, S. (2022). Components of compassionate care in nurses working in the cardiac wards: A descriptive qualitative study. Journal of Caring Sciences, 11(4), 239–247. https://doi.org/10.34172/jcs.2022.24
Bandura, A. (2023). Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective on human nature. John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications. https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/research-design/book255675
Cuyvers, K., et al. (2024). Nurses’ self-regulated learning in clinical wards: Important insights for nurse educators from a multi-method research study. Nurse Education Today, 137, 106179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106179
Hannawa, A. F., et al. (2022). Aspects of healthcare quality important to health professionals and patients: A qualitative study. Patient Education and Counseling, 105(6), 1561–1570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2021.07.031
Islam, K. F., et al. (2023). Social cognitive theory-based health promotion in primary care practice: A scoping review. Heliyon, 9(4), e14889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14889
Jainurakhma, J., et al. (2022). Konsep dan sistem keperawatan gawat darurat. Medan: Yayasan Kita Menulis.
Jin, Y., et al. (2023). Coordination of care to improve outcomes of emergency medical services. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2023(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD015316
Kılınç, G., Yıldız, E., & Harmanci, P. (2018). Bandura’s social learning and role model theory in nursing education. Proceedings of the International Academic Conference (pp. 132–140).
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2018). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 47 Tahun 2018 tentang Pelayanan Kegawatdaruratan. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Li, X., Zhang, Y., & Han, Y. (2024). The substitution effect of financial and non-financial incentives at different income levels in physician recruitment: Evidence from medical students in China. BMC Medical Education, 24, 503. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-05374-6
Mann, C., Clarke, S., & Johnson, S. (2024). The effects of moral intensity and moral disengagement on rule violations: Occupational safety in UK-based construction work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Business Ethics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-024-05692-1
Okuboyejo, S., Mbarika, V., & Omoregbe, N. (2018). The effect of self-efficacy and outcome expectation on medication adherence behavior. Journal of Public Health in Africa, 9(3), 826. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphia.2018.826
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2021). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (11th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Rowe, A., & Knox, M. (2023). The impact of the healthcare environment on patient experience in the emergency department: A systematic review. HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 16(2), 310–329. https://doi.org/10.1177/19375867221137097
Sahrudi, S., & Anam, A. (2021). Pengetahuan dan sikap perawat berpengaruh terhadap tindakan triase di Instalasi Gawat Darurat. NERS Jurnal Keperawatan, 17(1), 14–20. https://doi.org/10.25077/njk.17.1.14-20.2021
Schunk, D. H., & DiBenedetto, M. K. (2020). Motivation and social cognitive theory. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 60, 101832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.101832
Sharour, L. A., et al. (2022). Nurses’ self-efficacy, confidence, and interaction with patients with COVID-19: A cross-sectional study. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 16(4), 1393–1397. https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2021.94
Stoumpos, A. I., Kitsios, F., & Talias, M. A. (2023). Digital transformation in healthcare: Technology acceptance and its applications. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 3407. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043407
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Yunus Parinding, Indasah, Yenny Puspitasari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as this can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citations of published work.
