Analisis Waktu Sembuh Penderita Covid-19: Penelitian Multisenter

Fajar Desma Wahyudi, Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis Wardhani, T.A Larasati

Abstract


Pandemi Covid-19 menimbulkan beban penyakit sangat tinggi. Hingga akhir Januari 2023 terdapat lebih 753 juta kasus konfirmasi global, dan pada awal April 2023 terdapat lebih 670 juta kasus konfirmasi serta lebih 161 juta kematian di Indonesia. Peneitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi waktu sembuh penderita Covid-19 di RS. Ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan metode retrospektif. Subyek penelitian adalah pasien konfirmasi Covid-19 dirawat di lima RS rujukan di propinsi Lampung pada 1 Juni-31 Agustus 2021. Sampel dipilih secara total sampling dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi, Data diambil dari Rekam Medik pasien di RS. Analisis dilakuan dengan Uji Kaplan-Meier dan Cox Proportional Hazard. Sebanyak 1133 pasien menjadi sampel penelitian ini. Sebagian besar penderita berjenis kelamin laki-laki (61 %), berusia kurang 65 tahun (79,2 %), berpenghasilan tidak tetap (42,9%), tinggal di perkotaan (61,5 %), pendidikan lulus SMA (30,1%), kategori derajat gejala sedang (59,9 %), memiliki komorbid (58,1%) dan kondisi keluar RS adalah perbaikan klinis (48%). Median waktu sembuh 14 hari (95%CI:12,552-15,448). Variabel prediktor waktu sembuh yaitu derajat gejala (p-value< 0,001; AHR=2,423; 95%CI:1,815-3,235), dan usia (p-value=0,007; AHR=1,660; 95%CI:1,152-2,392). Penderita berusia kurang 65 tahun dengan derajat gejala sedang berpeluang paling besar untuk sembuh lebih cepat. Untuk mengetahui apakah komorbid tertentu menjadi prediktor waktu sembuh pasien Covid-19 diperlukan penelitian berikutnya.

Keywords


Covid-19; Cox proportional hazard; Kaplan Meier; Multisenter; Waktu sembuh.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26630/jk.v14i2.3784

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