Pencegahan Transmisi Virus Hepatitis B pada Masa Perinatal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26630/jkep.v15i2.1843Keywords:
Hepatitis, PerinatalAbstract
Hepatitis adalah peradangan pada sel-sel hati, yang bisa disebabkan oleh infeksi (virus, bakteri, parasit), obat-obatan (termasuk obat tradisional), konsumsi alkohol, lemak yang berlebih dan penyakit autoimun . Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara di Asia tenggara yang menduduki salah satu negara dengan endemis hepatitis. Metode dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah studi literatur (literature review).Wanita hamil dengan infeksi virus hepatitis B akut memiliki jalur yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan populasi orang dewasa, tetapi risiko penularan Hepatitis B ke neonatus meningkat pada masa kehamilan, saat infeksi akut terjadi.Infeksi Hepatitis B kronis biasanya dapat meningkat setelah melahirkan.Risiko penularan perinatal tertinggi pada wanita dengan tingkat viraemia tinggi; hal ini menjelaskan kegagalan imunoprofilaksis.Penularan terbesar terjadi kepada bayi yang dilahirkan oleh ibu dengan positif hepatitis B. Penularan terhadap bayi terjadi ketika masih dalam kandungan, saat melahirkan dan setelah persalinan. Pencegahan hepatitis B dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan skrining pada saat pemeriksaan kehamilan pertama.Untuk menurunkan angka transmisi penularan hepatitis B, dianjurkan ibu hamil dengan positif hepatitis B melakukan persalinan dengan metode sectio caesaria elektif.
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