Aktivitas Antikanker Ekstrak Aseton Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Terhadap Sel Vero dan MCF-7 Secara In Vitro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26630/jak.v9i2.2458Keywords:
kulit buah kakao, antikanker, MCF-7, sel Vero, MTT assayAbstract
Sebagian besar pasien pengidap kanker mendapatkan kemoterapi yang melibatkan pemakaian obat antikanker, salah satunya adalah doksorubisin. Namun penggunaan doksorubisin dalam jangka waktu yang panjang bersifat racun bagi organ-organ penting. Oleh karena itu banyak dikembangkan penelitian untuk mencari senyawa antikanker lain yang bersifat alami guna meminimalisir efek samping dari obat antikanker tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antiproliferasi ekstrak aseton kulit buah kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) pada sel kanker MCF-7 dan sel vero secara in vitro. Ekstrak kulit buah kakao diharapkan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker sehingga dapat dikembangkan untuk pengobatan kanker. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental. Kulit buah kakao diekstraksi menggunakan aseton 80% dan dievaporasi hingga diperoleh ekstrak kental. Uji aktivitas antikanker dilakukan secara in vitro dengan metode MTT assay. Dari hasil pengujian diperoleh nilai IC50 dari analisis regresi dari konsentrasi ekstrak dan persentase inhibisi. Nilai IC50 ekstrak terhadap sel vero yaitu 528,13 ppm, sedangkan Nilai IC50 ekstrak terhadap sel MCF-7 yaitu 24,26 ppm.Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak aseton kulit buah kakao tergolong aktif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker payudara MCF-7 dan tidak aktif menghambat pertumbuhan sel normal vero.References
Amundson, S.A., Myers, T.G., Scudiero, D., Kitada, S., Reed, J.C., and Fornace, A.J., 2000, An Informatics Approach Identifying Markers of Chemosensitivity in Human Cancer Cell Lines, Cancer Res, 60:6101-6110.
Anonim, 2007, ATCC Cell Biology, available from http://www.atcc.org/common /catalog/numSearch/numResults.cfm?atccNum=HTB-22, cited in 15September 2020.
Arlorio, M., Coisson, J.D., Travaglia, F., Varsaldi, F., Miglio, G., Lombardi, G., & Martelli, A. 2005. Antioxidant and Biological Activity of Pigments from Theobroma cacaoHulls Extracted with SupercriticalCO2. http://www.worldcocoafoundation.org/Library/Document/ArlorioPhenolicAntioxidantsinCacaoHullsPhysiology.pdf.
ATCC, 2008, Cell Biology, ATCC® Number: HTB-22TM, Designations: MCF-7, http://www.atcc.org/ATCCAdvancedCatalogSearch/ProductDetails/tabid/452/Default.aspx?ATCCNum=HTB-22&Template=cellBiology, 19 Juli 2008.
Aouali, N., Morjani, H., Trussardi, A., Soma, E., Giroux, B., and Manfait, M., 2003, Enhanced Cytotoxicity and Nuclear Accumulation of Doxorubicin-loaded Nanospheres in Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells Expressing MRP1, International Journal of Oncology, 23:1195-1201.
Butt, A.J., Firth, S.M., King, M.A., and Baxter, R.C., 2000, Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-3 Modulates Expression of Bax and Bcl-2 and Potentiates P53-Independent Radiation-Induced Apoptosis In Human Breast Cancer Cells, J. BiolChem, 275(50):39174-39181.
Chen, T.R., Drabkowski, D., Hay, R.J., Macy, M. and Peterson, W. Jr., 1987, WiDr is a Derivative of Another Colon Adenocarcinoma Cell Line, HT-29, Cancer Genet Cytogenet., 27(1):125-34.
Chusniasih, D., dan Tutik, T. (2019). Daya Tolak Nyamuk Gelekstrak Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobromacacao L.) terhadap Aedes aegypti L. JurnalAnalisFarmasi, 4(2), 84-90.
Duran I, Siu LL, Chen EX, Oza AM, Sturgeon J, Chin SF.2006. Phase I trial of gemcitabine, doxorubicin and cisplatin (GAP) in patients with advanced solid tumors. Anticancer Drugs. 17: 81-87.
Elberry AA, Mufti S, Al-Maghrabi J, Sattar EA, Ghareib AS, Mosli HA, Gabr SA. 2014. Immunomodulatory Effect of Red Onion (Allium cepa Linn) Scale Extract on Experimentally Induced Atypical Prostatic Hyperplasia in Wistar Rats.Mediators of Inflammation. 2014 (640746) : 1-13. Doi : 10.1155/2014/640746.
Figueira, A., J. Janick and J.N. BeMiller. 1993. New products from Theobroma cacao: Seed pulp and pod gum. In J. Janick and J.E. Simon (eds.). New Crops. Wiley, New York. p. 475-478.
Hadley KB, Ryan AS, Forsyth S, Gautier S, Salem N., 2016, The Essentiality of Arachidonic Acid in Infant Development, Nutri 8: 216.
Kuswinanti, T. 2005. Pengaruh lama penyimpanan terhadap keberadaan Cendawan dan Bakteri pasca panen pada biji Kakao. J. Sains & Technology, 5(3), 154-158.
Lazarus, D. Radiolarians decreased silicification as an evolutionary response to reduced Cenozoic ocean silica availability. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci, 106: 9333-9338.
Lumongga, F. 2008. Apoptosis.USU (Universitas Sumatera Utara) Repository. Medan.
Machana S, Weerapreeyakul N, Barusrux S, Nonpunya A, Sripanidkulchai B, Thitimetharoch T. 2011. Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of six herbal plants against the human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Chinese Medical Journal. 6(39): 1-8.
Menchetner, E., Kyshtoobayeva, A., Zonis, S., Kim, H., Stroup, R., Garcia, R., Parker, R.J., and Fruehauf, J.P., 1998, Levels of Multidrug Resistance (MDR1) P-Glycoprotein Expression by Human Breast Cancer Correlate with in Vitro Resistance to Taxol and Doxorubicin, Clinical Cancer Research, 4:389-398.
Molyneux, P., 2004, The Use of Stable Free RadicalDiphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Or Estimating Antioksidan Activity, Songklanakarin J SciTechnol Vol. 26,2, hal. 211-219.
Onuki, R., Kawasaki, H., Baba, T., danTaira, K., 2003, Analysis of A Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathway Using Bid-Targeted Ribozymes in Human MCF7 Cells in the Absence of A Caspase-3-Dependent Pathway, Antisense and Nucleic Acid.Drug Development, 13 (2): 75-82.
Palozza, P., Serini, S., Maggiano, N., Giuseppe, T., Navarra, P. and Ranelletti, F.O., 2005, -Carotene Downregulates the Steady-State and Heregulin-a-Induced COX-2 Pathways in Colon Cancer Cells, J.Nutr., 135:129-136.
Panggua, D.M., Johannes, E., Natsir, H., Litaay, M., 2015, Bioactivity and Antioxidant Test of Hexadecanoic Acid and β-Sitosterol Isolated from Hydroid AglaopheniaCupressinaLamoureoux, International Journal of Engineering and Science Applications Vol. 2 No. 2
Prunet, C., Lemaire-Ewing, S., Ménétrier, F., Néel, D., dan Lizard, G., 2005, Activation of Caspase-3-Dependent and -Independent Pathways During 7-Ketocholesterol- and 7β-Hydroxycholesterol-Induced Cell Death: A Morphological and Biochemical Study, Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 19 (5): 311-326.
Puspitasari E, Ulfa EU. 2009. Ujisitotoksisitasekstrakmetanolbuahbuni (Antidesmabuntus(L) Spreng) terhadapselHeLa. JurnalIlmuDasar. 10(2): 181-185.
Rachmawaty, Mu’nisa, A.,Pagarra, HH.,Hartati, Maulana, Z., 2018. Active Compounds Extraction of Cocoa Pod Husk (ThebromaCacao l.) and Potential as Fungicides.IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series1028
Roy, A.,Thakran N., Baradvaaja N., 2018, Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Profile Analysis of In-Vitro Grown Accessions of Plumbagozeylanica, Natural Product Chemistry and Research: 6(4).
Rusdy, M., 2013, Aktivitas Uji Antimitotik Senyawa Asam Heksadekanoat Isolat dari Hydroid Aglaophenia Cupressina Lamoureoux Pada Cleavage Bulu Babi Tripneustes Gratilla Linn, Skripsi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar.
Saputra V. 2006.Dasar-dasar stem cell dan potensi aplikasinya dalam ilmu kedokteran.Cermin Dunia Kedokteran 153:21-25.
Simon JA, Chen YH, Bent S., 2009, The relation of alpha-linolenic acid to the risk of prostate cancer: A Systematic review and meta-analysis., Am J ClinNutr 89: 1558-1564.
Weerapreeyakul N, Nonpunya A. Barusrux S, Thitimetharoch T and Sripanidkulchai B. 2012.Evaluation of the anticancer potential of six herbs against a hepatomacellline.J. Chinese Medicine. 7(15).
Zampieri, L., Bianchi, P., Ruff, P., dan Arbuthnot, P., 2002, Differential Modulation by Estradiol of P-glycoprotein Drug Resistance Protein Expression in Cultured MCF7 and T47D Breast Cancer Cells, Anticancer Res., 22 (4): 2253-9.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
![Creative Commons License](https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/88x31.png)
Jurnal Analisis Kesehatan is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at https://ejurnal.poltekkes-tjk.ac.id/index.php/JANALISKES.