Implementation of Audiovisual Distraction Intervention Using a Playmate Music Set to Reduce Infant Pain Response During Immunization: A Case Study

Nur Aulia Jayanti Nandasari; Ika Rizki Anggraini

doi:10.26630/jkmsw.v19i1.5726

Authors

Nur Aulia Jayanti Nandasari Professional Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Ika Rizki Anggraini Professional Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26630/jkmsw.v19i1.5726

Keywords:

Children, Distraction audiovisual, Immunization, Nonpharmacological therapy

Abstract

Immunization is an essential preventive measure for protecting infants and children from infectious diseases and reducing morbidity and mortality. However, immunization procedures often cause pain, fear, and distress due to needle insertion, which may negatively affect the experiences of both infants and parents and potentially influence adherence to future immunization schedules. Therefore, practical non-pharmacological interventions are needed to support infant comfort during immunization procedures. This study aimed to explore the use of audiovisual distraction using a playmate music set during infant immunization in a primary healthcare setting. A case study design was employed involving two six-month-old infants with similar demographic characteristics. One infant received audiovisual distraction using a playmate music set before and during immunization, while the other underwent routine immunization without distraction. Pain responses were assessed immediately after immunization using the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) scale. The infant who received the audiovisual distraction intervention demonstrated a lower FLACC score than the infant who did not receive the intervention (5 vs. 10). The intervention case also appeared calmer during the procedure, cried for a shorter duration, and was easier to soothe following vaccine administration. Preliminary findings from this case study suggest that audiovisual distraction using a playmate music set may help reduce observable pain responses and discomfort during infant immunization. As a simple, safe, and practical intervention, it has potential to support atraumatic immunization practices in primary healthcare settings. However, given the limited number of cases, further studies with larger sample sizes and more rigorous research designs are required to confirm these findings.

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