Laboratory  Examinations  in  the  Diagnosis  of  Dengue  Hemorrhagic Fever: A Systematic Literature Review

Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Muhammad Purwono Prasetyo; Muhammad Nasrullah Nur Shiddiq; Intan Rahma Aprilia; Khalila Alya Mukhbita; Siti Aqila Zahra

doi:10.26630/jkmsw.v18i2.5434

Authors

Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
Muhammad Purwono Prasetyo UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG
Muhammad Nasrullah Nur Shiddiq
Intan Rahma Aprilia
Khalila Alya Mukhbita
Siti Aqila Zahra

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26630/jkmsw.v18i2.5434

Keywords:

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, laboratory diagnosis, NS1 antigen, IgM serology, , IgG serology testing, , RT-PCR

Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus
and remains a major public health problem in Indonesia. Early and accurate diagnosis
is crucial for determining appropriate management and preventing fatal
complications. This systematic literature review aimed to evaluate and synthesize
evidence on laboratory diagnostic methods for DHF across Southeast Asia. A
comprehensive search was conducted across Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google
Scholar and DOAJ for studies published between 2015 and 2025, using keywords such
as “Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever,” “Laboratory Diagnosis,” and “Southeast Asia.”
Inclusion criteria encompassed peer-reviewed studies reporting empirical on
hematological, serological, or molecular laboratory test for DHF, while reviews
without empirical finding studies unrelated to dengue diagnosis were excluded.
Found on database 40 after screening, 22 studies met the inclusion criteria and were
analyzed. NS1 antigen testing plays a crucial role in the early phase of infection, while
IgM and IgG serological tests are useful in identifying the immunological phase of the
disease. Meanwhile, RT-PCR is a highly sensitive method for directly detecting the
presence of the virus. Combining several testing methods has been shown to improve
diagnostic accuracy, both in terms of sensitivity and specificity. However, optimal
implementation of these tests still faces challenges such as limited resources, cost,
time, and differences in laboratory capabilities at various levels of health facilities.
Therefore, strengthening laboratory capacity, standardizing testing methods, and
implementing a combination testing strategy are needed to improve the reliability of
dengue diagnosis. This approach is expected to support early detection, accelerate
treatment, and strengthen efforts to control dengue outbreaks nationally.

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