Dukungan Keluarga, Pengetahuan, dan Sikap Menurunkan Kecemasan Lansia dalam Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi COVID-19: Studi Cross Sectional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26630/jkmsaw.v15i2.3594Keywords:
Covid-19 vaccination, knowledge, family support, attitude of the elderly.Abstract
Latar Belakang: Vaksinasi COVID-19 sebagai salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk menekan angka penyebaran COVID-19. Sementara, efek samping vaksinisasi COVID-19 menjadi salah satu penyebab kecemasan pada lansia. Dampak kecemasan dapat mempengaruhi lansia untuk memberikan keputusan untuk tidak melakukan vaksinasi COVID-19. Penting mengkaji kemungkinan faktor risiko kecemasan lansia yang diberikan vaksinasi COVID-19. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji beberapa faktor risiko kecemasan pada lansia, antara lain dukungan keluarga, pengetahuan, dan sikap dalam pelaksanaan vaksinasi COVID-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Perumnas Kecematan Kadia. Hasil studi diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi alternatif pengembangan intervensi lansia yang cemas menghadapi vaksinasi COVID-19 berdasarkan faktor risiko. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportional random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 57 responden lansia yang berusia 64 – 75 tahun. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara univariat maupun bivariat. Hasil: Penelitian menemukan hasil 82,5% lansia mengalami cemas untuk diberikan vaksinasi COVID-19. Faktor risiko pengetahuan, sikap dan dukungan keluarga mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan kecemasan lansia melakukan vaksinasi COVID-19 (p-value > 0,05). Simpulan: Kecemasan lansia dalam vaksinasi COVID-19 dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor antara lain: pengetahuan, dukungan keluarga, dan sikap lansia terhadap vaksinasi COVID-19. Lansia agar tidak cemas hendaknya tidak terpengaruh isu-isu negatif tentang vaksinasi COVID-19 dan lebih mempercayai informasi dari pihak pemerintah tentang informasi vaksinasi COVID-19. Abstract: Family Support, Knowledge, and Attitudes Reduce Elderly Anxiety in the Implementation of COVID-19 Vaccination: Cross-Sectional Study Background: Background: Vaccination against COVID-19 is one of the government's efforts to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Meanwhile, the side effects of COVID-19 vaccination are one of the causes of anxiety in the elderly. The impact of anxiety can influence the elderly to make a decision not to vaccinate against COVID-19. It is important to examine possible risk factors for anxiety in the elderly given the COVID-19 vaccination. Purpose: This study aims to examine several risk factors for anxiety in the elderly, including family support, knowledge, and attitudes in carrying out the COVID-19 vaccination in the Working Area of the Perumnas Health Center, Kadia District. The results of the study are expected to provide an alternative contribution to the development of interventions for the elderly who are anxious about facing COVID-19 vaccination based on risk factors. Methods: This research is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used proportional random sampling with a total sample of 57 elderly respondents aged 64-75 years. Research data were analyzed using univariate or bivariate. Results: The study found that 82.5% of the elderly experienced anxiety about being given the COVID-19 vaccination. Knowledge, attitude, and family support risk factors have a significant relationship with the anxiety of the elderly doing the COVID-19 vaccination (p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: The elderly's anxiety about the COVID-19 vaccination is influenced by several factors, including knowledge, family support, and the attitude of the elderly toward the COVID-19 vaccination. So that the elderly are not worried, they should not be influenced by negative issues regarding COVID-19 vaccination and trust information from the government about COVID-19 vaccination information.References
Abdul Karim, M., Reagu, S. M., Ouanes, S., Waheed Khan, A., Smidi, W. S., Al-Baz, N., & Alabdulla, M. (2022). Prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the elderly in Qatar: A cross-sectional study. Medicine, 101(26), e29741. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000029741
Alrubaiee, G.G., Al-Qalah, T.A.H. & Al-Aawar, M.S.A. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes, anxiety, and preventive behaviors towards COVID-19 among health care providers in Yemen: an online cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health, 20(1541). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09644-y
Anggreyanti, I.P., Haryanto, J., Astuti, P. (2020). Faktors Associated with Perceived Family Support among Elderly with Hypertension. International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJNHS), 3(1): 26–32. https://doi.org/10.35654/IJNHS.V3I1.178
Azari, A. A., & Zururi, M. I. (2022). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kecemasan lansia dalam partisipasi vaksinasi COVID-19 di Kabupaten Situbondo. Medical Jurnal Of Al-Qodiri, 7(1), 1-8. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/506301-none-2ce00487.pdf
Bendau, A., Plag, J., Petzold, M. B., & Ströhle, A. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and related fears and anxiety. International Immunopharmacology, 97, 107724. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107724
Beyazgul, B., Koruk, Ä°., & Kuzan, R. (2022). Effect of elderly individuals' perceptions and attitudes toward COVID-19 pandemic on rejecting COVID-19 vaccination. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 18(5), 2079338. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2022.2079338
Bodner, E., Bergman, Y.S., Ben-David, B., Palgi, Y. (2021). Vaccination anxiety when vaccinations are available: The role of existential concerns. Stress and Health., 38(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3079
Cahyono, E.A. (2022). Sikap masyarakat terhadap program vaksinasi booster COVID-19 (Validitas dan realibitas kuesioner penelitian). Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu dan Praktik Kesehatan, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.56586/pipk.v1i1.185
Chen, T., Dai, M., Xia, S. (2022). Perceived facilitators and barriers to intentions of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine among elderly chinese adults. Vaccine. 40, 100-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.039.
Cheng, J. Y. J., Loong, S. S. E., Ho, C. E. S. M., Ng, K. J., Ng, M. M. Q., Chee,
R. C. H., Chin, T. X. L., et al. (2022). Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of COVID-19 Vaccination among Adults in Singapore: A Cross-Sectional Study, The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 107(3), 540-550. Retrieved Dec 27, 2022, from https://www.ajtmh.org/view/journals/tpmd/107/3/article-p540.xml
Febriyanti, N. ., Choliq, M. I. ., & Mukti, A. W. (2022). Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan kesediaan vaksinasi Covid-19 pada warga Kelurahan Dukuh Menanggal Kota Surabaya. Seminar Nasional Hasil Riset dan Pengabdian (SNHRP), 36–42. Retrieved from https://snhrp.unipasby.ac.id/prosiding/index.php/snhrp/article/view/168
Heltty, H. (2022). Patient, Family, and Peer Engagement in Nursing Care as an Effort to Improve the Functional Independence of Post-stroke Urinary Incontinence Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus. 14(7); e26649. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.26649
Heltty H, Sitorus R, Nusdwinuringtyas N, Martha E. (2021). Effect of self-regulation and social support intervention on the life quality in patients with post-stroke urinary incontinence. Korean Journal of Adult Nursing. 33(4):399-405. https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2021.33.4.399
Kemenkes RI. (2022). Vaksinasi COVID-19 Nasional. https://vaksin.kemkes.go.id/#/vaccines
Nurhayati, S., Safitri, H.H., Apriliyanti, R. (2021). Dukungan keluarga terhadap lansia pada era pandemi COVID-19. Prosiding Seminar Nasional UNIMUS. 4. https://prosiding.unimus.ac.id/index.php/semnas/article/view/887
Nursalam. (2013). Metodelogi Penelitian Ilmu Keperawatan: Pendekatan Praktis: Jakarta: SalembaMedika.
Our World in Data. (2022). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Vaccinations. https://ourworldindata.org/covidvaccinations
Putri, E.K., Wiranti, K., Ziliwu, S.Y. (2021). Kecemasan Masyrakat Akan Vaksinasi COVID-19. Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa (JKJ), 3(9). https://jurnal.unimus.ac.id/index.php/JKJ/article/view/7794
Silva, W. A. D., de Sampaio Brito, T. R., & Pereira, C. R. (2022). COVID-19 anxiety scale (CAS): Development and psychometric properties. Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.), 41(8), 5693–5702. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01195-0
Tan, M., Straughan, P. T., & Cheong, G. (2022). Information trust and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy amongst middle-aged and older adults in Singapore: A latent class analysis Approach. Social science & medicine (1982), 296, 114767. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114767
Wang, J., Chen, Y., Tan, C., & Zhao, X. (2016). Family functioning, social support, and quality of life for patients with anxiety disorder. The International journal of social psychiatry, 62(1), 5–11. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764015584649
Wulandari, T.U. (2021). Tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap penerimaan masyaraakat terhadap vaksin COVID-19 di Jawa Tengah. (Skripsi, Universitas islam Sultan Agun, Semarang). 33101700064_fullpdf.pdf
Yuda, H.T., Suwaryo, P.A., Fitriyati, L. (2021). Knowledge and anxiety of the COVID-19 vaccination program for teachers and employees of SD Kreatif Muhammadiyah Gombong. Proceeding of the 14th University Research Colloquium. http://repository.urecol.org/index.php/proceeding/article/view/1633
Yuhbaba, N.Z., Budiman, A. E. M., Suswati, E.W., &
Silvanasari, A.I. (2022). Knowledge and Anxiety in Community During the
COVID-19 Pandemic. Babali Nursing Research. 3(3): 176 – 184. https://doi.org/10.37363/bnr.2022.33109
Zalloum, A.W, Elayeh, E.R., Al Haj Ali, B., Zalloum, N. (2022). Perception, knowledge and attitude towards influenz.a vaccine during COVID-19 pandemic in Jordanian population. European Journal of Integrative Medicine. 49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2022.102100.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Heltty Heltty & Nazaruddin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Kesehatan Metro Sai Wawai is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
