Karakteristik, Asupan Protein, Kadar Protein Total dan Kejadian Kekurangan Energi Kronis pada Ibu Hamil: Studi Cross Sectional

Authors

  • Uthu Dwifitri Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
  • Mohammad Zulkarnain Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
  • Rostika Flora Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
  • Yetti Purnama Program Studi D3 Kebidanan, Fakultas Matematika & Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia
  • Samwilson Slamet Program Studi D3 Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika & Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26630/jkmsaw.v15i2.3497

Keywords:

protein intake, pregnant women, total protein levels, CED

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Penanggulangan masalah gizi untuk meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia yang paling baik adalah pada periode kehamilan. Ibu hamil merupakan kelompok yang kritis dan rentan terhadap kekurangan gizi, diantaranya kekurangan energi kronik (KEK). KEK mempunyai dampak buruk terhadap janin pada saat hamil dan sebagian besar tidak dapat dikoreksi setelah bayi lahir. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan KEK pada ibu hamil. Kajian faktor risiko atau penyebab KEK sebagai rekomendasi intervensi menurunkan kejadian KEK. Metode: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni 2022 dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 107 ibu hamil berusia 20-35 tahun di Kabupaten Seluma yang dipilih secara random sampling. Asupan protein diperoleh dengan food recall 3x24 jam, kemudian dihitung dengan menggunakan nutri survey, kadar protein total diperoleh dengan pemeriksaan serum darah (20 µl) dengan metode biuret, status gizi ibu berdasarkan kategori KEK dan tidak KEK. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil: Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan ada hubungan paritas dengan kejadian KEK. Sedangkan, variabel usia, usia kehamilan, pendapatan keluarga, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, dan jumlah keluarga tidak menunjukkan ada hubungan (p > 0,05). Simpulan: Studi ini terbukti paritas sebagai faktor risiko yang dapat meningkatkan kejadian KEK. Perlu edukasi untuk menurunkan dan mencegah KEK pada ibu hamil yang mempunyai anak > 1 orang saat ibu hamil melakukan kunjungan ke pelayanan kesehatan. Abstract: Characteristic, Protein Intake, Total Protein Levels and The Incidence of Chronic Energy Deficiency in Pregnant Women: Cross-sectional Study Background: The best way to deal with nutritional problems to improve the quality of human resources is during pregnancy. Pregnant women are a group that is critical and vulnerable to malnutrition, including chronic energy deficiency (CED). KEK has a negative impact on the fetus during pregnancy and most of it cannot be corrected after the baby is born. Purpose: This study aims to evaluate faktors associated with CED in pregnant women. Study of risk faktors or causes of CED as an intervention recommendation to reduce the incidence of CED. Methods: This study was conducted in June 2022 with a cross-sectional design. The sample used was 107 pregnant women aged 20-35 years in Seluma Regency who were selected by random sampling. Protein intake was obtained by food recall 3x24 hours, then calculated using a nutritional survey. Total protein levels were obtained by examining blood serum (20 µl) using the Biuret method. Maternal nutritional status was based on CED and non-SEZ categories. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis. Results: The results of the chi-square test showed that there was a relationship between parity and the incidence of CED. Meanwhile, the variables age, gestational age, family income, mother's education, mother's occupation, and family size did not show any relationship (p> 0.05). Conclusion: This study proved parity is a risk faktor that can increase the incidence of CED. Education is needed to reduce and prevent KEK in pregnant women who have children > 1 person when pregnant women make visits to health services.

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Published

2022-12-30