Tingkat Parasitemia Penderita Malaria Berdasarkan Golongan Darah ABO di Kota Jayapura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26630/jkm.v14i2.2940Keywords:
Golongan darah ABO, Malaria, Rumah sakit, ParacetemiaAbstract
Background: Malaria is the world's leading parasitic infectious disease caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. An association between ABO blood type and malaria infection has been reported, but the results are conflicting. Purpose: This study aims to determine the level of parasitemia in malaria patients based on ABO blood type. Methods: This research is an analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The variables studied were the ABO blood group and the level of parasitemia. The number of samples in this study was 63 samples. Results: The results of the study from 63 samples showed that the highest prevalence of blood type was in blood type O by 38 people (60.3%), then followed by blood types A and B with 17 people (27.0%) and eight people (12.7%) and no blood type AB was found. At the same time, the prevalence of P. falciparum was 44 (69.8%), while P. vivax was 19 people (30.2%). Infection by P. falciparum based on the highest ABO blood group was found in blood groups B by 75%, A (70.6%), and O (68.4%). Meanwhile, the highest level of parasitemia (positive 4) P. falciparum infection was found in blood group B (50%), followed by blood group O and blood group A, each with 0%. The results of the bivariate analysis of Fisher's test obtained P-value = 0.016 (0.016 < 0.05), which means a statistically significant relationship between ABO blood type and the level of parasitemia. Conclusion: There is an increase in parasitemia in malaria patients based on ABO blood type in Jayapura City. Blood type O is the most common blood type in malaria patients in Jayapura City.
Abstrak. Latar Belakang: Malaria adalah penyakit infeksi parasit terkemuka di dunia yang disebabkan oleh protozoa dari genus Plasmodium. Hubungan antara golongan darah ABO dan infeksi malaria telah dilaporkan, tetapi hasilnya bertentangan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Tingkat parasitemia pada penderita malaria berdasarkan golongan darah ABO. Metode: penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan desain crossexional. Variabel yang diteliti adalah variable golongan darah ABO dan tingkat parasitemia. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebesar 63 sampel. Hasil: Hasil Penelitian dari 63 sampe menunjukan prevalensi golongan darah terbanyak terdapat pada golongan darah O sebesar 38 orang (60,3 %), kemudian diikuti golongan darah A dan B masing-masing sebesar 17 orang (27,0%) dan 8 orang (12,7%) dan tidak ditemukan golongan darah AB. Sedangkan prevalensi P. falciparum sebesar 44 (69,8%) sedangkan P.vivax sebesar 19 orang (30,2%). Infeksi oleh P. falciparum berdasarkan golongan darah ABO tertinggi terdapat pada golongan darah B sebesar 75%, A (70,6%) dan O (68,4%). Sedangkan tingkat parasitemia tertinggi (positif 4) infeksi P. falciparum terdapat pada golongan darah B (50%) dan diikuti dengan golongan darah O dan golongan darah A masing-masing 0%. Hasil analisis bivariat uji Fisher didapatkan nilai P= 0,016 (0,016 < 0,05) yang artinya secara statistik ada hubungan yang signifikan antara golongan darah ABO dengan tingkat parasitemia. Simpulan: Ada peningkatan tingkat parasitemia pada penderita malaria berdasarkan golongan darah ABO di Kota Jayapura. Golongan darah O adalah golongan darah yang paling umum pada pasien malaria di Kota Jayapura.
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